| Type | Person | [sources] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | BERNARD MAHESHE BYAMUNGU · BYAMUNGU, Bernard · Bernard BYAMUNGU · Bernard Maheshe BYAMUNGU · Bernard Maheshe Byamungu · 2 more... | [sources] | |||
| Other name | Bernard Byamungu Mheshe · Tiger One | [sources] | |||
| Weak alias | TIGER ONE | [sources] | |||
| Birth date | [sources] | ||||
| Place of birth | Democratic Republic of Congo · Ziralo, Democratic Republic of the Congo | [sources] | |||
| Gender | male | [sources] | |||
| Nationality | Congo - Kinshasa | [sources] | |||
| Country | Congo - Kinshasa | [sources] | |||
| First name | BERNARD · Bernard · Bernard Maheshe | [sources] | |||
| Last name | BYAMUNGU · Mheshe | [sources] | |||
| Middle name | BYAMUNGU | [sources] | |||
| Second name | MAHESHE | [sources] | |||
| Title | Brigadier-General | [sources] | |||
| Position | Brigadier General · Brigadier General, Deputy Commander of operations and intelligence for M23 · Commandant adjoint des opérations · Deputy Commander of operations and intelligence for M23 · Deputy Commander of operations of the military branch of the Mouvement du 23 mars (M23)/Armée révolutionnaire congolaise (M23/ARC), a non-governmental armed group operating in Eastern DR Congo. · 1 more... | [sources] | |||
| Source link | sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov | [sources] | |||
| Created at | [sources] | ||||
| Modified on | [sources] | ||||
| Last changed | Last checked | First seen | |||
Designation: a) Brigadier General b) Deputy Commander of operations and intelligence for M23. Listed pursuant to paragraphs 7 (c) and 7 (h) of resolution 2293 (2016) as “political and military leaders of Congolese militias, including those receiving support from outside the DRC, who impede the participation of their combatants in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes” and “acting on behalf of or at the direction of a designated individual or entity, or acting on behalf of or at the direction of an entity owned or controlled by a designated individual or entity”, as reaffirmed by paragraph 2 of resolution 2688 (2023). As a leader of M23 (CDe.006), he is involved in promulgating and supporting the armed group’s activities. He was promoted in January 2023 to Brigadier for the Congolese Revolutionary Army, the M23 armed branch. He was then appointed chief of staff and deputy to SULTANI MAKENGA (CDi.008), and has validated the planning for every M23 operations in DRC since then. A warrant has been issued by Congolese authorities for his arrest.
Function/rank: Brigadier-General in M23/ARC, Deputy Commander of operations
The M23/ARC sustains the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC and is responsible for serious human rights abuses in that country, in particular through attacks against civilians and the Congolese armed forces (FARDC), killings, torture, rapes and forced labour, such as a series of killings targeting civilians in the town of Kisheshe on 29 Nov 2022.
Owing to his leading position in the M23/ARC, Bernard Byamungu is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC. He is also responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC.
Bernard Byamungu holds a leading position in the military branch of the Mouvement du 23 mars (M23)/Armée révolutionnaire congolaise (ARC) as Brigadier-General and Deputy-Commander of operations of this non-governmental armed group operating in Eastern DRC.
Bernard Byamungu occupe une fonction dirigeante au sein de la branche militaire du Mouvement du 23 mars (M23)/Armée révolutionnaire Congolaise (ARC) en tant que général de brigade et commandant adjoint des opérations de ce groupe armé non gouvernemental opérant dans l’est de la RDC. Le M23/ARC appuie le conflit armé, l’instabilité et l’insécurité en RDC et est responsable de graves violations des droits de l’homme dans ce pays, en se livrant notamment à des attaques contre des civils et les Forces armées congolaises (FARDC) ainsi qu’à des assassinats, des tortures et des viols et en recourant au travail forcé, ayant entre autres commis une série d’assassinats à l’encontre de civils dans la ville de Kishishe le 29 novembre 2022. En raison de ses fonctions dirigeantes au sein du M23/ARC, Bernard Byamungu contribue donc, en les planifiant, dirigeant ou commettant, à des actes constituant de graves violations des droits de l’homme ou atteintes à ces droits en RDC. Il est également responsable du soutien apporté au conflit armé, à l’instabilité et à l’insécurité en RDC.
Listed pursuant to paragraphs 7 (c) and 7 (h) of resolution 2293 (2016) as “political and military leaders of Congolese militias, including those receiving support from outside the DRC, who impede the participation of their combatants in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes” and “acting on behalf of or at the direction of a designated individual or entity, or acting on behalf of or at the direction of an entity owned or controlled by a designated individual or entity”, as reaffirmed by paragraph 2 of resolution 2688 (2023). As a leader of M23 (CDe.006), he is involved in promulgating and supporting the armed group’s activities. He was promoted in January 2023 to Brigadier for the Congolese Revolutionary Army, the M23 armed branch. He was then appointed chief of staff and deputy to SULTANI MAKENGA (CDi.008), and has validated the planning for every M23 operations in DRC since then. A warrant has been issued by Congolese authorities for his arrest.
Listed pursuant to paragraphs 7 (c) and 7 (h) of resolution 2293 (2016) as “political and military leaders of Congolese militias, including those receiving support from outside the DRC, who impede the participation of their combatants in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes”; and “acting on behalf of or at the direction of a designated individual or entity, or acting on behalf of or at the direction of an entity owned or controlled by a designated individual or entity”, as reaffirmed by paragraph 2 of resolution 2688 (2023). As a leader of M23 (CDe.006), he is involved in promulgating and supporting the armed group’s activities. He was promoted in January 2023 to Brigadier for the Congolese Revolutionary Army, the M23 armed branch. He was then appointed chief of staff and deputy to SULTANI MAKENGA (CDi.008), and has validated the planning for every M23 operations in DRC since then. A warrant has been issued by Congolese authorities for his arrest.
Listed pursuant to paragraphs 7 (c) and 7 (h) of resolution 2293 (2016) as “political and military leaders of Congolese militias, including those receiving support from outside the DRC, who impede the participation of their combatants in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes” and “acting on behalf of or at the direction of a designated individual or entity, or acting on behalf of or at the direction of an entity owned or controlled by a designated individual or entity”, as reaffirmed by paragraph 2 of resolution 2688 (2023). As a leader of M23 (CDe.006), he is involved in promulgating and supporting the armed group’s activities. He was promoted in January 2023 to Brigadier for the Congolese Revolutionary Army, the M23 armed branch. He was then appointed chief of staff and deputy to SULTANI MAKENGA (CDi.008), and has validated the planning for every M23 operations in DRC since then. A warrant has been issued by Congolese authorities for his arrest.
| Directorships | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organization | Role | Start date | End date | |
| Mouvement Du 23 Mars | Leader or official of | - | - | |
United States · Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC)
United Kingdom · Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation
United States · Department of the Commerce - International Trade Administration
Australia · Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT)
eu-tb-logical-156545 · ch-seco-64706 · eu-fsf-eu-10612-55 · gb-hmt-16180 · unsc-6908954 · zafic-707-bernard-maheshe-byamungu · fr-ga-6825 · au-dfat-7780-bernard-maheshe-byamungu · ofac-44561For experts: raw data explorer
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