ADF (Allied Democratic Forces)

ADF founder and leader, Jamil Mukulu (CDi.015), was arrested in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in April 2015. He was subsequently extradited to Kampala, Uganda in July 2015. As of June 2016, Mukulu is reportedly being held in a police detention cell awaiting his trial. Seka Baluku (CDi.036) succeeded Jamil Mukulu (CDi.015) as the overall leader of the ADF. As highlighted in several reports from the Group of Experts on the DRC (S/2015/19, S/2015/797, S/2016/1102, S/2017/672, S/2018/531, S/2019/469, S/2019/974, S/2020/482), the ADF, including under Seka Baluku’s leadership, continued to commit the repeated targeting, killing and maiming, rape and other sexual violence, abduction of civilians, including children, as well as attacks on villages and health facilities, in particular in Mamove, Beni territory, on 12 and 24 February 2019, and Mantumbi, Beni territory, on 5 December 2019 and 30 January 2020, as well as the continuous recruitment and use of children during attacks and for forced labour in Beni territory in the DRC since at least 2015.

The Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) was created in 1995 and is located in the mountainous DRC-Uganda border area.

In April 2019, the Islamic State (IS) announced the creation of Islamic State Central Africa Province (ISCAP). ISCAP is composed of two separate, geographically distinct insurgencies—one in northern Mozambique and one in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) being conducted by Islamic State – Democratic Republic of the Congo (IS-DRC). In July 2019, IS released a video of Musa Baluku, the leader of the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), an Islamist-affiliated rebel group based in DRC, pledging allegiance to the leader of IS. Several members of the ADF disagreed with the pledge and split away from the larger group that year. Since the pledge, many of the ADF’s activities have been claimed by IS under the regional banner of ISCAP. IS-DRC has been responsible for attacks in eastern DRC against civilians and military targets. On May 13, 2020, IS issued two communiqués, the first claiming that fighters captured and killed three Congolese soldiers in North Kivu Province, DRC. The second claimed that fighters shot and killed 10 people after opening fire on a crowd of Christians in Iringite, a city near Beni, DRC. Both attacks were confirmed by local media as perpetrated by the ADF. On October 20, 2020, the ADF attacked Kangbayi central prison in Beni, DRC, and freed over 1,300 prisoners. Both the ADF and IS claimed responsibility for the attack.

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The ADF was created in 1995 and is located in the mountainous DRC-Uganda border area. According to the GOE's 2013 final report, citing Ugandan officials and UN sources, in 2013 the ADF had an estimated strength of 1,200 to 1,500 armed fighters located in north-east Beni Territory of North Kivu province, close to the border with Uganda. These same sources estimate ADF’s total membership — including women and children — to be between 1,600 and 2,500. Due to offensive military operations by the Congolese Armed Forces (FARDC) and MONUSCO conducted in 2013 and 2014, ADF has dispersed its fighters to numerous smaller bases, and moved women and children to areas west of Beni, and along the Ituri-North Kivu border.

ADF founder and leader, Jamil Mukulu (SSID: 100-3217), was arrested in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in Apr 2015. He was subsequently extradited to Kampala, Uganda in Jul 2015. As of Jun 2016, Mukulu is reportedly being held in a police detention cell awaiting his trial.

The ADF has also participated in attacks against the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO) peacekeepers (UNSCR paragraph 4 (i)). MONUSCO reported that ADF has conducted at least two attacks on MONUSCO peacekeepers. The first, on 14 Jul 2013, was an attack on a MONUSCO patrol on the road between Mbau and Kamango. This attack is detailed in the 2013 GOE final report. The second attack occurred on 3 Mar 2014. A MONUSCO vehicle was attacked with grenades 10 kilometres from the Mavivi airport in Beni, resulting in injuries to five peacekeepers.

The ADF’s military commander is Hood Lukwago.

Seka Baluku (SSID: 100-41278) succeeded Jamil Mukulu (SSID: 100-3217) as the overall leader of the ADF. As highlighted in several reports from the Group of Experts on the DRC (S/2015/19, S/2015/797, S/2016/1102, S/2017/672, S/2018/531, S/2019/469, S/2019/974, S/2020/482), the ADF, including under Seka Baluku’s leadership, continued to commit the repeated targeting, killing and maiming, rape and other sexual violence, abduction of civilians, including children, as well as attacks on villages and health facilities, in particular in Mamove, Beni territory, on 12 and 24 Feb 2019, and Mantumbi, Beni territory, on 5 Dec 2019 and 30 Jan 2020, as well as the continuous recruitment and use of children during attacks and for forced labour in Beni territory in the DRC since at least 2015.

The ADF has also committed numerous violations of international human rights and international humanitarian law against women and children, including killing, maiming, and sexual violence (UNSCR paragraph 4 (e)). According to the GOE 2013 final report, in 2013 the ADF attacked numerous villages, which prompted more than 66,000 people to flee into Uganda. These attacks depopulated a large area, which ADF has since controlled by abducting or killing people who return to their villages. Between Jul and Sep 2013, ADF decapitated at least five people in the Kamango area, shot several others, and kidnapped dozens more. These actions terrorized the local population and deterred people from returning home. The Global Horizontal Note, a monitoring and reporting mechanism of grave violations against children in situations of armed conflict, reported to the Security Council’s Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict (CAAC) that during the Oct to Dec 2013 reporting period, ADF was responsible for 14 of the 18 child casualties documented, including in an incident on 11 Dec 2013, in Beni territory, North Kivu, when ADF attacked the village of Musuku, killing 23 people, including 11 children (three girls and eight boys), aged 2 months to 17 years. All victims had all been severely mutilated with machetes, including two children who survived the attack. The Mar 2014 Report of the Secretary General on Conflict Related Sexual Violence identifies the “Allied Democratic Forces — National Army for the Liberation of Uganda” on its list of “Parties credibly suspected of committing or being responsible for rape or other forms of sexual violence in situations of armed conflict.”

The ADF has recruited and used child soldiers in violation of applicable international law (UNSCR paragraph 4 (d)). The United Nations Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s ("GOE") 2013 final report stated that the GOE interviewed three former ADF fighters who had escaped during 2013 and who described how ADF recruiters in Uganda lure people to the DRC with false promises of employment (for adults) and free education (for children) and then force them to join the ADF. Also according to the GOE’s report, former ADF fighters told the GOE that the ADF’s training groups typically include adult men and boys and two boys who escaped from the ADF in 2013 told the GOE that they had received military training from the ADF. The GOE report also includes an account of ADF’s training by a “former ADF child soldier”. According to the GOE’s 2012 final report, the ADF recruits include children, as exemplified by the case of an ADF recruiter who was captured by Ugandan authorities in Kasese with six young boys on his way to the DRC in Jul 2012. A specific example of the ADF’s recruitment and use of children is seen in a 6 Jan 2009 letter from the former Africa Director for Human Rights Watch, Georgette Gagnon, to Uganda’s former Minister of Justice, Kiddhu Makubuyu, stating that a boy named Bushobozi Irumba was abducted at 9 years of age by the ADF in 2000. He was required to provide transport and other services to ADF fighters. In addition, “The Africa Report” cited allegations that the ADF is allegedly recruiting children as young as 10 years of age as child soldiers and cited a Uganda People’s Defence Force (UPDF) spokesperson as stating that the UPDF rescued 30 children from a training camp on Buvuma Island in Lake Victoria.

The Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) was created in 1995 and is located in the mountainous DRC-Uganda border area.

Le fondateur et dirigeant des Forces démocratiques alliées, Jamil Mukulu, a été arrêté à Dar es-Salaam (Tanzanie) en avril 2015. Il a ensuite été extradé vers Kampala (Ouganda) en juillet 2015. Selon certaines informations, en juin 2016, Mukulu était placé sous détention policière en attendant son procès. Seku Baluku a succédé à Jamil Mukulu en tant que chef des ADF. Comme l'a souligné le Groupe d'experts sur la République démocratique du Congo dans plusieurs rapports (S/2015/19, S/2015/1102, S/2017/672, S/2018/531, S/2019/469, S/2020/482), les ADF, notamment sous la direction de Seka Baluku, ont continué de se livrer à des actes répétés de ciblage, de meurtre et de mutilation, de viol et autres violences sexuelles, d'enlèvements de civils, y compris d'enfants, à des attaques contre des villages et des établissements de santé, en particulier, dans le territoire de Beni, à Mamove, les 12 et 24 février 2019 et à Mantumbi, le 5 décembre 2019 et le 30 janvier 2020, ainsi qu'au recrutement et à l'utilisation continus d'enfnts lors d'attaques et à des fins de travail forcé dans le territoire de Beni (République démocratique du Congo) depuis au moins 2015.

ADF founder and leader, Jamil Mukulu (CDi.015), was arrested in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in April 2015. He was subsequently extradited to Kampala, Uganda in July 2015. As of June 2016, Mukulu is reportedly being held in a police detention cell awaiting his trial. Seka Baluku (CDi.036) succeeded Jamil Mukulu (CDi.015) as the overall leader of the ADF. As highlighted in several reports from the Group of Experts on the DRC (S/2015/19, S/2015/797, S/2016/1102, S/2017/672, S/2018/531, S/2019/469, S/2019/974, S/2020/482), the ADF, including under Seka Baluku’s leadership, continued to commit the repeated targeting, killing and maiming, rape and other sexual violence, abduction of civilians, including children, as well as attacks on villages and health facilities, in particular in Mamove, Beni territory, on 12 and 24 February 2019, and Mantumbi, Beni territory, on 5 December 2019 and 30 January 2020, as well as the continuous recruitment and use of children during attacks and for forced labour in Beni territory in the DRC since at least 2015.

ADF創設者であり指導者でもあるジャミール・ムクルは、2015年4月にタンザニアのダルエルサラームで逮捕された。ムクルは、その後、2015年7月にウガンダのカンパラに引き渡された。2016年6月現在、ムクルは裁判のため、警察の留置場に勾留されていると伝えられる。なお、ADFの全体指導者としてセカ・バルクがジャミール・ムクルの後継者となった。コンゴ民主共和国に関する専門家グループの複数の報告書において強調されているように、ADFは、セカ・バルクの指導下のものを含め、繰り返し、付け狙い、殺害及び傷害行為、強姦及びその他の性的暴力、児童を含む文民の誘拐、並びに村落や保健施設に対する攻撃を、特に2019年2月12日及び24日にベニ地区（Beni）マモーヴ（Mamove）において、2019年12月5日及び2020年1月30日にベニ地区（Beni）マントゥンビ（Mantumbi）において行い続けた。また、ADFは、少なくとも2015年から、コンゴ民主共和国ベニ地区（Beni）において、児童の継続的な徴募、襲撃時における児童の使用及び児童の強制労働を行い続けた。同団体に対するインターポール(国際警察刑事機構)・国連安全保障理事会特別手配書のウェブ・リンク：

ADF founder and leader, Jamil Mukulu (CDi.015), was arrested in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in April 2015. He was subsequently extradited to Kampala, Uganda in July 2015. As of June 2016, Mukulu is reportedly being held in a police detention cell awaiting his trial. Seka Baluku (CDi.036) succeeded Jamil Mukulu (CDi.015) as the overall leader of the ADF. As highlighted in several reports from the Group of Experts on the DRC (S/2015/19, S/2015/797, S/2016/1102, S/2017/672, S/2018/531, S/2019/469, S/2019/974, S/2020/482), the ADF, including under Seka Baluku’s leadership, continued to commit the repeated targeting, killing and maiming, rape and other sexual violence, abduction of civilians, including children, as well as attacks on villages and health facilities, in particular in Mamove, Beni territory, on 12 and 24 February 2019, and Mantumbi, Beni territory, on 5 December 2019 and 30 January 2020, as well as the continuous recruitment and use of children during attacks and for forced labour in Beni territory in the DRC since at least 2015.